Parliament’s final plenary session before the summer recess will see Members discuss the priorities of the Irish EU Council Presidency alongside key decisions on enlargement, foreign affairs, ...

Under current EU law, EU Member States are free to set their minimum national voting age for European elections. This age is set at 16 in Austria, Germany and Malta, 17 in Greece, and 18 in the ...

As the office of President is shaped to a large degree by the person holding the position, the briefing also indicates how Costa’s approach differs from that of previous Presidents. Written by Ralf ...

Examining the notion of ‘revolving doors’ in the EU, this publication gives an outline of the way post term activities are regulated by the EU institutions and offers a comparative overview of rules ...

On 26 July 2024, after 5 years of negotiations, 82 members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) reached an agreement on the first-ever global rules on electronic commerce. Written by Gisela Grieger.

In response to United States (US) tariffs, and citing national security interests as a reason, China introduced two waves of export controls for rare-earth elements (REEs) in April and October 2025 ...

Russia’s escalating hybrid attacks, including drone incursions, have prompted NATO’s Operation Eastern Sentry and the European Union’s (EU) plans for a European Drone Wall and Eastern Flank Watch. The ...

You can use our collection of graphs, charts, tables and maps with statistical data for any purpose (just please credit the European Parliamentary Research Service). The images were created by the ...

Enforcement of the Digital Services Act at national level is still very limited owing to delayed implementation. The European Commission has therefore begun infringement procedures against several ...

EU Member States’ defence expenditure rose significantly between 2021 and 2024. The EU has introduced several initiatives to complement national efforts in order to boost defence spending and ...

The ‘fit for 55’ package, presented in July and December 2021, is designed to realise the European Climate Law objectives: climate neutrality by 2050 and a 55 % reduction of net greenhouse gas (GHG) ...

Source: DefenseNews, 2024. *Revenue from defence in US$ million (2024). Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the rapid availability of military equipment became a key priority for EU governments ...